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Objective:To explore the effect of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) ESCCAL-1 on the polarization of THP-1 cells-derived macrophages.Methods:The esophageal cancer cell line KYSE450 was divided into 5 groups: KYSE450 group (normal KYSE450 cells), shRNA-ESCCAL-1 group (infected with knockout ESCCAL-1 lentivirus), shRNA-NC group (infected with interference control lentivirus), OE-ESCCAL-1 group (infected with overexpressing ESCCAL-1 lentivirus) and OE-NC group (infected with overexpressed control lentivirus). The expression of ESCCAL-1 was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). After co-culture of cells in each group with THP-1 cells-derived macrophages, flow cytometry was used to detect the expressions of THP-1 cells-derived macrophages M1 polarization markers HLA-DR, iNOS, CD86 and M2 polarization markers Arg-1, CD163, CD206, and inflammatory cytokines.Results:After THP-1 cells were stimulated with 100 ng/ml phorbol ester for 48 hours, the cells grew adherently, and the expression levels of CD11b and CD36 increased, indicating that THP-1 cells were successfully differentiated into macrophages. After THP-1 cells-derived macrophages were co-cultured with esophageal cancer KYSE450 cell line treated differently for 24 hours, there were no significant differences in the expressions of M1 polarization markers HLA-DR, iNOS and CD86 between shRNA-ESCCAL-1 group and shRNA-NC group or between OE-ESCCAL-1 group and OE-NC group (all P > 0.05). Compared with shRNA-NC group, the expressions of M2 polarization markers Arg-1, CD163 and CD206 in shRNA-ESCCAL-1 group decreased [8.54±0.29 vs. 11.83±0.69, 12.0±0.3 vs. 24.5±0.8, 2.05±0.23 vs. 14.54±1.10], and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 7.636, 27.38 and 19.31, all P < 0.01); compared with the OE-NC group, the expressions of M2 polarization marker Arg-1, CD163 and CD206 in OE-ESCCAL-1 group increased [32.60±1.14 vs. 14.20±0.20, 43.7±1.5 vs. 25.1±1.2, 35.8±0.7 vs. 13.6±0.6], and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -27.58, -17.24 and -43.98, all P < 0.01). Compared with shRNA-NC group, the expression level of interferon-γ in shRNA-ESCCAL-1 group decreased [(6.3±1.5) pg/ml vs. (20.0±2.6) pg/ml, t = 7.75, P = 0.001]; compared with OE-NC group, the expression level of interleukin-1RA in OE-ESCCAL-1 group increased [(3 167±306) pg/ml vs. (467±176) pg/ml, t = -13.27, P < 0.01]. Conclusions:Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-related lncRNA ESCCAL-1 can promote the M2 polarization of macrophages.
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Objective@#To analyze the expression and prognostic significance of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma associated long non-coding RNA-1 (ESCCAL-1) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues. @*Methods@#From August 2011 to May 2013, 73 patients with ESCC, who received radical resection in The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, were enrolled. The expressions of ESCCAL-1 in esophageal tumor tissues and corresponding adjacent non-tumor tissues were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). T test, chi square test and multivariate analysis were performed for statistical analysis. @*Results@#The expression of ESCCAL-1 was 28.03±9.37 in esophageal tumor tissues of patients with ESCC, which was higher than that in corresponding adjacent normal tissues (11.39±4.15), and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.964, P<0.01). However there were no statistically significant differences in the expressions of ESCCAL-1 among the patients with different age, gender, histological grade, classification of Union for International Cancer Control (UICC), T stage or lymph nodes metastasis (all P>0.05). The median disease-free survival (DFS) time and overall survival (OS) time of patients with low ESCCAL-1 expression were 39 months and 42 months, respectively, which were longer than those of patients with high ESCCAL-1 expression (30 months and 37 months), and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=9.049, P=0.003; χ2=10.165, P=0.001). The results of multivariate analysis showed that ESCCAL-1 expression was the independent risk factor of DFS and OS (high risk (HR)=2.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22 to 4.93, P=0.012; HR=2.29, 95%CI 1.14 to 4.59, P=0.019). @*Conclusions@#ESCCAL-1 may be involved the genesis and development of ESCC. The expression of ESCCAL-1 in esophageal tumor tissues may be a prognostic parameter for patients with ESCC receiving radical resection.
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Objective To investigate the influence of proton pump inhibitors (lansoprazole and rabeprazole) on dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with coronary heart disease.Methods One hundred and eighty-one cases of coronary heart disease with DAPT were selected,and they were divided into control group (66 cases,no proton pump inhibitors administered),lansoprazole group (65 cases,lansoprazole administered) and rabeprazole group (50 cases,rabeprazole administered).100 mg/day of aspirin and 75 mg/day of clopidogrel were concomitantly used in all patients.Platelet aggregation rate,platelet aggregation threshold index (PATI) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) was measured.Results The ADP-PATI in control group was (3.47 ± 0.96) μ mol/L,lansoprazole group was (3.28 ± 1.05) μ mol/L,rabeprazole group was (3.32 ±0.83) μ mol/L,and there was no statistically significant difference among three groups (P＞0.05).There was also no statistically significant difference in platelet aggregation rate and collagen-PATI among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion In patients with coronary artery disease,the concomitant use of lansoprazole or rabeprazole does not affect antiplatelet action during DAPT.
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Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of stent implantation on the quality of sexual activity in middle and old age male patients with exertional angina pectoris.Methods One hundred and seventy-two male patients with exertional angina pectoris were enrolled in this study,and they were divided into control group (94 patients) and percutaneous coronary intervention group (78 patients).The patients in control group were given routine pharmacotherapy and the patients in percutaneous coronary intervention group were given drug-eluting stent implantation and routine pharmacotherapy.The sexual activity function was evaluated by international index of erectile function (IIEF)-5 scale before treatment and 3 months after treatment.The times of sexual intercourse was added up.The evaluation of angina pectoris was performed by the grade of Canadian cardiovascular society (CCS).At the same time,the walking distance and heart rate were measured through 6-minute walking test.The left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) was detected by echocardiogram.Results After treatment for 3 months,the scores of IIEF-5,the degree of sexual satisfaction,the times of sexual intercourse and the grade of CCS in percutaneous coronary intervention group were significantly improved compared with those in control group [(20.58 ± 7.36) scores vs.(16.38 ± 6.35) scores,(4.32 ± 1.38) scores vs.(2.51 ± 1.89) scores,(6.3 ± 3.2) times/month vs.(3.5 ± 1.6) times/month,(1.10 ± 0.43) grades vs.(2.50 ± 1.1 0) grades] (P ＜ 0.05).The walking distance and heart rate after 6-minute walking test and LVEF in percutaneous coronary intervention group were significant improved compared with those in control group [(386 ± 82) m vs.(281 ± 86) m,(95 ± 18) times/minute vs.(122 ± 25) times/minute,(65.2 ± 11.2)％ vs.(55.6 ± 13.8)％] (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Stent implantation can significandy improve the quality of sexual activity in middle and old age male patients with exertional angina pectoris.The mechanisms are associated with the exercise capacity increasing and the frequency of angina pectoris attacks decreasing during sexual intercourse.